The Legend of the Banbury Cross

In the heart of the Oxfordshire, where latitude 52.0629009 and longitude -1.339775 intersects, unfolds the legend of the Banbury Cross of Banbury, a town in the Cherwell District. Banbury Cross isn’t the cross you typically envision. Instead, it’s a stunning monument located in the middle of a roundabout dating back to 1859. However, its intriguing folkloric tale originates from the 16th century. There are references that suggest that there were originally three crosses, but the use of ‘cross’ in the traditional English nursery rhyme ‘Ride a cock horse to Banbury Cross’ indicates a single entity. Yet, it is not the confusion over the number of crosses that adds a mystique to this monument. It is the figure of the ‘Fine Lady’ who is said to ride to Banbury Cross. The popular nursery rhyme goes: ‘Ride a cock-horse to Banbury Cross, To see a fine lady upon a white horse; Rings on her fingers and bells on her toes, And she shall have music wherever she goes.’ The ‘Fine Lady’ now has a symbolic presence in Banbury. An attractive bronze statue of a Fine Lady riding a white horse, designed by the renowned sculptor, Giles Penny, was erected near the Cross in 2005. While it is unknown who exactly this fine lady was, local stories often point to her as Elizabeth I or Lady Godiva. Some suggest Elizabeth I may’ve made a prestigious ride to Banbury Cross, and the rings and bells symbolize her royal status. In contrast, others believe Lady Godiva to be the ‘Fine Lady’, resonating with her legendary ride dressed only in her long hair, in protest against high taxes. However, the actual identity of the ‘Fine Lady’ is indeed a riddle lost in the passage of time, only to be immortalized in a nursery rhyme.

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